Norra 2 was the first phase with strict sustainability requirements. All developers met the requirements, but the high ambitions at the beginning of the process had to be modified during the course of the work. For example, the weight of the green roofs had not been properly accounted for in the structural design, which led to modifications, such as thinner sedum roofs. All roofs, courtyards, as well as several of the walls had to be used to achieve the requirements. The courtyards are designed to be used by the residents and are perceived to be greener than those built in the earlier phases.

Diagram 4.2  Measured GIS per courtyard, Norra 2

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• Stora Sjöfallet (Bonava, SSM, Viktor Hanson, Wallenstam):  The development features  varied green roofs not only sedum roofs, three large oaks, creepers on the façade and integrated balcony drawers, birdhouses and bat ferrules. It also features design ideas like meadows and swamp forests.
• Hornslandet (Stockholmshem): The development features trees, such as oaks and fruit trees, flowering perennials, edible plants, flowering plants spread out over the whole season, creepers on pergolas and wires on the gable, with possibilities for cultivation on the terrace, the water discharges on trellised wall.
• Sonfjället (Erik Wallin, HEBA, Skanska): The development features a willow tree house, integrated flower boxes, natural species selection, rain garden, deep plant beds, edible plants, climbing plants on the houses in harmony with the architecture of the buildings.

In Brofästet, the Green Space Index requirements were exceeded with a larger margin during the design stage than in Norra 2. It is clear that the understanding of Green Space Index had increased, and that a system approach to the management of stormwater and integrated planting areas had been adopted early in the design process.

Diagram 4.3  Measured GIS per courtyard, Brofästet

• Backåkra, courtyard 1 (Besqab, Oscar Properties, Åke Sundvall): This development features a courtyard with good plant depth, integrated groundwater, bushes with edible berries, rain gardens, green façades, well-planned social areas.
• Backåkra, courtyard 2 (Stockholmshem, Tobin Properties, Einar Mattsson): The development features large areas of unstructured ground, large interconnected green roofs, great soil depth over the system of joists of 800 mm. Almost half of the green roofs are meadow-roofs which benefit bees and butterflies. Continuous stormwater management with a combined system of roofs and rain beds (local green-blue stormwater management).
• Koppången, courtyard 1 (HSB, Riksbyggen): All buildings have roof terraces that are available for residence. One of the roofs have a biotop-roof with dead wood and varied vegetation. Many social areas have pergolas and grass areas for playing. A large oak is situated in the center of the courtyard. Stormwater management is integrated into the courtyard design.
• Koppången, courtyard 2 (Einar Mattsson): This development features a small and dark courtyard and a roof terrace with visible a green wall on the gable.

Due to their cultural and historical values of the buildings in Gasverket Västra the existing buildings are omitted from the requirements.

The surface area surrounding the sports centre, the school, and the preschool are subjected to a greater use than other courtyards, this makes it more difficult to achieve all the requirements. The school require hard surfaces for the kids to play on, this meant that the vegetation had to be placed on the border zones, roofs, and vertical surfaces.

• Hjorthagshallen (Fastighetskontoret): Achieves a GSI of 0.65. The plans for the sports center include creepers on wires along the facade and skeletal soil with stormwater-irrigated trees and sedum roofs.
• Bobergsskolan (SISAB): Achieves a GSI of 0.59. The school yard is small, and will suffer a lot of wear and tear and therfore require hardened surfaces. In total the surfaces achieve the requirements for the common courtyard.
• Förskolan (SISAB): Achieves a GSI of 0.66. The preschool has sedum roofs, fruit trees and flowering trees and bushes as well as creepers on the fence.

Gasklocka 4 differs from other neighbourhoods in the district, as the surface of the courtyard is larger, which creates an atmosphere of a public park, with several social areas. The greenery consists of meadows and woodlands, with both open and dense areas, that create different rooms.

•  Gasometer, (Oscar Properties): Achieves a GSI of 0.76. Besides a large courtyard providing a ‘park feeling’ there are plans for a roof terrace and a green roof. Deep plant beds are made possible by the fact that a large proportion of the soil is not structured. In addition an amphitheatre, seating areas in a pergola and many trees are being planned.

In general the early design for Södra Värtan exceeds the GSI requirements.

The area plans top use green roofs a more extensively than in previous phases, for example, several biotope roofs, and roof terraces with social qualities are being planned.

Ports of Stockholm have achieved a GSI of 0.39. The terminal has a green roof that covers about 50% of its areas with many perennial plants, which makes the roof feel like a garden.

The voluntary requirements have not been met, as they were introduced too late in the planning process. Consequently, the results have not been reviewed by the City of Stockholm and are based on reports by the developers.

Diagram 4.4  Measured GSI per courtyard, Norra 1

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• Abisko (Reinhold Gustafsson, Lennart Ericsson, Erik Wallin, Järntorget, Viktor Hanson): Reinhold Gustafsson has a green roof.
• Garphyttan (Seniorgården, NCC): The courtyard has a relatively large eco-effective area due to partly non-structured greenery.
• Gotska Sandön (Familjebostäder, SBC Bo): The courtyard has shallow plant beds and no green roofs.
• Skuleskogen (Svenska Hus): The courtyard has shallow plant beds due to structured greenery.

The voluntary requirements have not been met, as they were introduced too late in the planning process. Consequently, the results have not been reviewed by the City of Stockholm and are based on reports by the developers.

Diagram 4.5  Measured GSI per courtyard, Västra

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• Kosterhavet (ByggVesta): The courtyard har shallow plant beds and a smaller green roof.
• Färnebofjärden (Einar Mattsson, Järntorget): Shallow plant beds due to structured greenery and a shaded courtyard, which limits the conditions for plants. Both roofs has sedum roofs.
• Söderåsen (Svenska Bostäder): The courtyard is small with a large hardened surface area.
• Tresticklan (HSB, JM): The courtyard has shallow plant beds and a few visible sedum roofs.
• Tyresta (Borätt, JM): The buildings have green roofs and a structured courtyard.
• Töfsingdalen (Stockholmshem): The courtyard has bushes and plant beds with a varying degree of depths. The roofs are partially sedum.
• Norra Kvill och Padjelanda (Primula): A large part of the courtyard is not structured which makes a greater soil depth possible.
• Muddus (SKB): The courtyard has deep plant beds which creates good growing conditions for trees. The building has a green roof.
• Björnlandet (Svenska Bostäder): The courtyard has plant beds of various depths as well as a number of smaller trees. One of the roof’s is sedum.